Industrial cleaning agent wastewater treatment method

industrial cleaner  agents are widely used in modern manufacturing to remove oil, rust, dust and other pollutants on the surface of machinery and equipment and parts, so as to ensure product quality and production efficiency. However, the use of these cleaning agents generates a large amount of wastewater, and this article will introduce the treatment technology of this type of wastewater.

industrial cleaner  agent wastewater mainly has the following characteristics:

Complex chemical composition: contains a variety of chemicals such as surfactants, solvents, emulsifiers, rust inhibitors, etc.

High oil content: A large amount of oil is entrained during cleaning.

Presence of suspended solids and particulate matter: Fine particles such as metal shavings and abrasive debris generated during the cleaning process can be mixed with the wastewater.

pH fluctuations: Depending on the type of cleaning agent and the conditions in which it is used, the pH of the wastewater can be high or low.

In view of the above characteristics, the treatment and recycling technology of industrial cleaner agent wastewater mainly includes the following aspects: 1. Pretreatment stage

Grid: It is used to remove large pieces of debris in the wastewater and reduce the burden on the subsequent treatment unit.

Regulating tank: Regulate the flow rate and water quality of wastewater to ensure the stable operation of the follow-up treatment unit. 2. Primary treatment stage

Gravity separation: Preliminary separation of oil and water through static or inclined plate sedimentation tank to remove part of the oil and suspended solids.

Coagulation and sedimentation: Coagulant is added to make the fine particles condense into large particles, which is convenient for precipitation and separation. 3. Secondary treatment stage

Centrifugal separation: With the help of high-speed centrifuge, the oil and water are further separated to improve the efficiency of oil-water separation.

Demulsification: Add demulsifier to destroy the stability of the emulsion and completely separate the oil and water. 4. Advanced processing stage

Filtration: Filters are used to remove residual suspended solids and particulate matter.

Activated carbon adsorption: Removal of residual organic matter and odor through activated carbon adsorption.

Advanced oxidation: According to the specific composition of wastewater, appropriate advanced oxidation technology is selected to further degrade refractory organic matter.

Industrial cleaners are widely used in manufacturing, electronics, automotive, metalworking, and other industries to remove grease, dirt, and other impurities from the surface of equipment and products. In the process of cleaning operations, wastewater containing harmful substances such as surfactants, solvents, and heavy metals will be generated, and the treatment technology of this kind of wastewater will be introduced in this article. 1. Pretreatment technology

Regulating tank: The flow rate and water quality of wastewater are balanced through the regulating tank to ensure the stable operation of the subsequent treatment unit.

pH adjustment: According to the pH value of the wastewater, it is adjusted to the appropriate range by adding acid or alkali to facilitate subsequent treatment.

Coagulation and sedimentation: By adding coagulant, the fine particles in the wastewater are aggregated into larger flocculents, and then removed by sedimentation or flotation, which is suitable for removing suspended solids and some colloidal substances.

Air flotation: The use of tiny bubbles attached to the surface of pollutants, so that they float to the surface of the water, and then removed by a slag scraper, is suitable for the removal of light suspended solids and oily substances. 2. Chemical treatment technology

Advanced oxidation technology: including Fenton oxidation, ozone oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation, etc. With the help of strong oxidants or photocatalysts, organic matter is decomposed into CO₂ and H₂O, which is suitable for the treatment of refractory organic matter.

Chemical precipitation: By adding chemical agents, the harmful substances in the wastewater form insoluble precipitates, and then remove them through precipitation or filtration, which is suitable for removing heavy metal ions. 3. Biological treatment technology

Anaerobic biological treatment: the use of anaerobic microorganisms to decompose organic matter under anoxic conditions to produce biogas (the main component is methane), suitable for the preliminary treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater, can significantly reduce the COD value.

Aerobic biological treatment: oxygen is provided through aeration to allow aerobic microorganisms to degrade organic matter, which is suitable for the advanced treatment of medium and low concentration organic wastewater, and is often used in combination with anaerobic treatment to improve the treatment effect. 4. Membrane separation technology

Ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF): Depending on the pore size of the membrane material, macromolecular organic matter and colloidal substances in wastewater are retained, which is suitable for pretreatment and advanced treatment.

Reverse osmosis (RO): Removal of dissolved organic matter and inorganic salts in wastewater through semi-permeable membranes, suitable for advanced treatment of high-salinity wastewater.

In summary, industrial cleaner agent wastewater requires a combination of treatment technologies due to its complex chemical composition, high oil content, presence of suspended solids and particulate matter, and large pH fluctuations. The grid and regulating tank in the pretreatment stage, the gravity separation, coagulation and sedimentation in the primary treatment stage, the centrifugal separation and demulsification in the secondary treatment stage, the filtration, activated carbon adsorption and advanced oxidation in the advanced treatment stage solve the wastewater treatment problem from different aspects. At the same time, in terms of pretreatment technology, conditioning tank, pH adjustment, coagulation and precipitation and air flotation play their respective roles. The advanced oxidation technology and chemical precipitation in the chemical treatment technology are aimed at harmful substances such as refractory organic matter and heavy metal ions, respectively. Anaerobic and aerobic biological treatment of biological treatment technology treats organic matter in stages according to different wastewater concentrations; Ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis of membrane separation technologies can effectively intercept or remove specific substances in different treatment stages, depending on the pore size and function of the membrane. The comprehensive application of these technologies will help to improve the treatment effect of industrial cleaning agent wastewater, realize the effective treatment and recycling of wastewater, reduce environmental pollution, and ensure the sustainable development of related industrial production.